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Vacancy Hardening and Ordering in Rhenium Tungsten Carbides
- Source :
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry - Part C; September 2022, Vol. 126 Issue: 36 p15215-15221, 7p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Vacancies generally reduce the number of chemical bonds and hence cause structural softening. It is puzzling, however, that substoichiometric Re0.5W0.5C0.4with 60% carbon vacancies was identified as a superhard material. Here, we report the underlying mechanism responsible for such anomalous vacancy-induced hardening in the Re0.5W0.5C1–xsystem via first-principles calculations. The shear stiffness and hardness increase consistently with rising carbon vacancy concentration in Re0.5W0.5C1–xand reach the maximum at about x= 40%. Such an unexpected hardening phenomenon originates from a gradual relief of the shear-unstable dd bonding and unfavorable pd antibonding interactions owing to the formation of C-vacancies. We further predict that the simultaneous ordered vacancies of W and C atoms can produce a cubic crystalline Re2/3W1/3C that is isomorphic with the NbO type. The calculations on vibrational, mechanical, and electronic properties reveal that this phase has considerable structural stability and is a hard metallic material. This work not only elucidates the intriguing mechanism responsible for the vacancy hardening in this class of systems but also provides a new principle for the structural stability of other transition-metal compounds.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19327447 and 19327455
- Volume :
- 126
- Issue :
- 36
- Database :
- Supplemental Index
- Journal :
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry - Part C
- Publication Type :
- Periodical
- Accession number :
- ejs60696358
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04674