Exosomal Vesicles: A Therapeutic Strategy Against Severe Sars-Cov-2 in Multiple Myeloma Patients

During the early phase of the pandemic, studies revealed that COVID-19 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) had significantly higher hospitalization rates (56%), with 20% requiring critical care and 18% facing an increased risk of mortality. MM patients undergoing anticancer therapy showed a 55% higher risk of mortality when infected with COVID-19. Even in the post-pandemic world, MM patients remain at heightened risk for breakthrough infections and severe SARS-CoV-2 due to their immunocompromised status, necessitating hospitalization. While both active and remission MM patients exhibited worse outcomes than COVID-19 patients without cancer, limited research exists to elucidate the underlying causes. In this study, we aimed to (1) develop a model elucidating the pathogenesis and interplay between MM and severe SARS-CoV-2, and (2) explain the efficacy and therapeutic potential of Exosomal Vesicles (EVs) as an intervention against severe SARS-CoV-2, supported by clinical evidence.