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Characterization of central-involved diabetic macular edema using OCT and OCTA

Authors :
Reste-Ferreira, Débora
Santos, Torcato
Marques, Inês Pereira
Ribeiro, Maria Luísa
Santos, Ana Rita
Martinho, António Cunha-Vaz
Lobo, Conceição
Cunha-Vaz, José
Source :
European Journal of Ophthalmology; 20240101, Issue: Preprints
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Purpose To characterize the occurrence of diabetic macular edema and the presence of abnormal retinal fluid accumulation in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).Methods In this two-year prospective study, a total of 122 eyes with diabetes type 2 underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-Angiography in association with OCT-Fluid imaging, a novel algorithm of OCT analysis allowing quantification of abnormal accumulation of fluid in the retina through low optical reflectivity ratios (LOR). Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grading for diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity assessment was performed using 7-field color fundus photography. Best corrected visual acuity was also recorded.Results During the 2-year follow-up, 23 eyes (19%) developed central-involved diabetic macular edema (CI-DME) and 2 eyes (2%) developed clinically significant macular edema (CSME). In the two-year period of the study, eyes that developed CI-DME showed a progressive increase in central retinal thickness (CRT) (β= 7.7 ± 2.1 µm/year, p< 0.001) and in LOR values (β= 0.009 ± 0.004 ratio/year, p= 0.027). The increase in CRT and abnormal retinal fluid, represented by increased LOR ratios, are associated with increased retinal perfusion in the deep capillary plexus (DCP) (skeletonized vessel density, p= 0.039). In contrast, the eyes with CSME showed decreased retinal perfusion and abnormal fluid located in the outer layers of the retina.Conclusions CI-DME and CSME appear to represent different entities. Eyes with CI-DME show increases in abnormal retinal fluid associated with increased retinal vascular perfusion in the DCP. Eyes with CSME are apparently associated with decreased retinal vascular perfusion in the DCP and abnormal fluid in the outer retina.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
11206721 and 17246016
Issue :
Preprints
Database :
Supplemental Index
Journal :
European Journal of Ophthalmology
Publication Type :
Periodical
Accession number :
ejs66249532
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1177/11206721241248478