A Fast CA 19-9 Screening for Pancreatic Cancer Clinical Trials Utilizing AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors

In the clinical trials, AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) biosensors were successfully investigated for the rapid detection of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) tumor markers. Our strategy involves using a normalized resistance change ratio, which helps to minimize uncertainties associated with material variances, chemical functionalization interferences, and device fabrication tolerances. Anchored at a “37 U/mL CA 19-9 baseline,” our approach significantly improves screening efficiency and reliability for both normal and cancerous concentrations. Validation was conducted using 35 clinical serum specimens obtained from both healthy individuals and cancer patients. Among these, 33 specimens exhibited the expected response to the standard value of 37 U/mL, resulting in an accuracy rate of 94%. Furthermore, we have included detection data for standard carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to provide insights into future possibilities for chiplets that facilitate the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers, offering versatility and efficiency.