Effects of religiosity and spirituality on gender roles and homonegativity in Croatia and Slovenia

The goal of this study was to explore whether gender and religiosity/spirituality affected beliefs about gender roles and same-sex relations in Slovenia and Croatia. Data were gathered on the national representative samples from Croatia (N=1201) and Slovenia (N=1065) from the International Social Survey Programme (module Religion 2008). As expected, women in Croatia and Slovenia had less traditional beliefs about gender roles and were less homonegative than men. Non-religious non-spiritual individuals (“secularists”) were the most egalitarian in their gender role beliefs and the least homonegative compared to other groups regarding religiosity and spirituality. Hypothesis that spiritual non- religious individual (“spiritual seekers”) would be more egalitarian and less homonegative than religious individuals (either non-spiritual or spiritual i.e. “dwellers” and “dogmatists”) was confirmed only on the Slovenian sample, whereas results obtained on the Croatian sample were more complex.