Early Spot Urinary Sodium and Diuretic Efficiency in Acute Heart Failure and Concomitant Renal Dysfunction

OBJECTIVE: In acute heart failure (AHF), early assessment of spot urinary sodium (UNa) has emerged as a useful biomarker for risk stratification and monitoring. The objective of this study was to investigate (a) whether early spot UNa predicts 24-h diuretic efficiency and (b) the clinical factors associated with early spot UNa in patients with AHF and concomitant renal dysfunction (RD).; METHODS: This is a post hoc analysis of the IMPROVE-HF trial, in which 160 patients with AHF and RD (estimated glomerular filtrate rate [eGFR]