Roadmaps for energy (R4E): future options for smart urban spaces

Report regarding state-of-the-art solutions and future options in the area of sustainable energy for urban spaces This report is part of WP5 Roadmapping Smart Urban Spaces of the R4E project. The R4E partners work together to develop a new type of energy strategy through visions and roadmaps for the 8 partners cities, in co-creation with local stakeholders. The project supports the development of visioning and roadmapping capacities within the municipalities to spur future development and implementation of innovative energy solutions. This report (D5.1) contains the results of the desk study activities regarding state-of-the-art solutions and future options in the area of sustainable energy for urban spaces from January 2016 to April 2017.