Efficacité et sécurité du Rituximab dans le syndrome néphrotique idiopathique cortico-dépendant de l’enfant à court et long terme. Analyse rétrospective monocentrique de 33 cas

Context: Idiopathic childhood steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) remains a therapeutic challenge, since remission is maintained thanks to steroid and immunosuppressants with significant drug toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the short and long-term efficacy and safety of Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in idiopathic childhood SDNS. Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical and biological data of 33 children with idiopathic SDNS treated with RTX, leading to a minimal B-cell depletion of 15 months. Results: At the end of a median follow-up after B-cell recovery of 27 months [20–45], the complete remission rate (no relapse after B-cell recovery) reached 73%. In addition, we observed a significant decrease in cumulative treatment duration (steroid and immunosuppressants) after RTX (p