Prevalence of eating disorders in males: a review of rates reported in academic research and UK mass media

Media presentations of health issues affect evaluations of personal susceptibility to\ud particular illnesses and hence help-seeking behaviours. We examined data on prevalence\ud of eating disorders (EDs—which are often characterised as “female”) among\ud males in: scientific literature; readily-accessible web-based information; and UK\ud newspaper articles (published 7/12/2002-7/12/2012). This revealed conflicting statistics.\ud Academic papers suggest men comprise around 25% of community-based\ud samples, but much lower proportions (10% or less) of clinic samples. Websites and\ud newspapers presented widely differing statistics both on prevalence overall (numbers\ud with EDs in the UK ranged from 60,000 to 2.7 million), and in men (generally\ud suggesting they constituted 10-25% of those with EDs), rarely distinguishing between\ud diagnosed and non-diagnosed samples. By 2011, newspapers were more consistent\ud on overall numbers with EDs in the UK (1.6 million) and the proportion who\ud were men (20%), drawing on one website as the authoritative source. Conflicting\ud statistics may confuse men searching for ED (or other) health-related information,\ud lead to underestimations of male susceptibility to EDs and/or reinforce inappropriate\ud stereotypes of EDs as confined to adolescent girls.