'Hypocrites ( al-Munafiqun ) According to the Mu slim Theologians'

In this work, the literary and conceptual meaning of the words hypocrisy and hypocrite are explored and the problem of hypocrisy is analyzed from the perspective of the theologians belonging to different schools of kalam. The views of such Salaf scholars as Hasan El-Basri, Malik ibn Anas, Ahmed ibn Hanbal and Abu Hanifa are introduced. Then the views of such Maturidi scholars as Imam al-Maturidi, Abu Yusr al-Bazdawi, Abu Muin al-Nasafi and Nureddin al-Sabuni are analyzed along with the views of Ash’ari scholars such as al-Imam Ash’ari, al-Baqillani, al-Ghazzali and al-Taftazani. The views of Khariji, Shi‘i and Mu‘tazili schools are also analyzed as examples outside the Ahl al-Sunnah tradition.
n this work, the literary and conceptual meaning of the words hypocrisy and hypocrite are explored and the problem of hypocrisy is analyzed from the perspective of the theologians belonging to different schools of kalam. The views of such Salaf scholars as Hasan El-Basri, Malik ibn Anas, Ahmed ibn Hanbal and Abu Hanifa are introduced. Then the views of such Maturidi scholars as Imam al-Maturidi, Abu Yusr al-Bazdawi, Abu Muin al-Nasafi and Nureddin al-Sabuni are analyzed along with the views of Ash’ari scholars such as al-Imam Ash’ari, al-Baqillani, al-Ghazzali and al-Taftazani. The views of Khariji, Shi‘i and Mu‘tazili schools are also analyzed as examples outside the Ahl al-Sunnah tradition.