Broj somatskih ćelija u mleku od krava simentalske rase sa porodičnih farmi prema laktaciji po redu i stadijumu

Simmental breed cows although being dominant breed at the family farms in Croatia are not yet sufficiently adapted to the machine milking due to their improper udder index. The aim of this study was to determine the somatic cells count in Simmental cows milk according to the order of lactation and lactation stages. Survey has been conducted at four family farms and a total of 61 cow of Simmental breed from first to third lactation were enrolled in a study. The study results have shown that the maximum somatic cell count is in milk (LSCC=3.59) from the stables with have a downward floor, but not significantly higher in comparison to other ways of keeping the cows. However, the lowest udder hygiene was in the stables where the milking was performing by putting the milk into the cans and where cows were kept on the embroidery. The significant increase in LSCC (P lt 0.05) was determined in the third lactation in comparison to the second lactation. Given the stage of lactation largest LBSS was found in the second stage, which was significantly higher when compared to the first. Farms with a free way of keeping cows and milking cows in parlours are becoming more and more like guidelines in current milk production, and animals that reside in those farms have healthier udders and less micro-organisms in milk. Krave simentalske rase, iako su dominantne na porodičnim farmama u Hrvatskoj, nisu u dovoljnoj meri adaptirane na mašinsku mužu zbog svog nepovoljnog indeksa vimena. Cilj ove studije je bio određivanje broja somatskih ćelija u mleku simentalskih krava prema broju laktacije po redu i stadijumu. Istraživanje je izvedeno na četiri porodične farme i ukupno 61 krava simentalske rase od prve do treće zaključene laktacije je bila uključena. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je maksimalni broj somatskih ćelija u mleku (LSCC=3.59) utvrđen na farmama sa podom pod nagibom, ali ne signifikantno viši u odnosu na ostale načine držanja krava. Međutim, najlošija higijena vimena je utvrđena u štalama gde se mleko stavljalo u kante i gde su krave držane na vezu. Signifikantno povećanje broja somatskih ćelija (P lt 0.05) je utvrđeno u trećoj laktaciji u poređenju sa drugom. U odnosu na stadijum laktacije, najveći LBSS je utvrđen u drugoj fazi laktacije, što je bilo signifikatno veće u odnosu na prvu fazu. Farme sa slobodnim držanjem krava i mužom krava u izmuzilištima sve više postaju smernice u sadašnjoj, modernoj proizvodnji mleka, i životinje koje se drže u takvim objektima imaju zdravija vimena i manje mikroorganizama u mleku.