Social skills of Psychology undergraduates: a multicentered study / Habilidades sociais de estudantes de Psicologia: um estudo multicêntrico

Social skills occurring in a high frequency and low variability can be taken as patterns, suggesting cultural or sub-cultural features which are important when selecting instruments for evaluation and planning interventions. This research aimed to characterize the social skills repertoire among Psychology students from 4 Brazilian places: São Paulo (SP), Bahia (BA), Minas Gerais (MG)e Rio de Janeiro (RJ), also examining their differences and the influence of sex and age on their patterns. Five hundred sixty four Psychology undergraduates completed a self-report inventory (IHS-del-Prette) with a structure of 5 factors: F1) coping and assertion; F2) expressing positive affection; F3) talking and self-confidence; F4) dealing with unknown people and new situations; F5) aggressiveness self-control. The samples were compared considering general (GS) and factorial (F1, F2, F3, F4 e F5) scores as well as sex and age influence in each one (ANOVA, followed by t or Scheffé test). The results showed that: a) Psychology students presented higher scores than normative sample in the GS, F1, F3 and F4 and lower in the F2 and F5, but sex differences were similar to the normative pattern; b) place, sex and age significantly affected the scores, with place-sex and place-age interactions; c) samples from MG, BA, RJ and SP presented similar profiles, with higher values for RJ in the F1 and for MG and SP in the F2 and F5; d) students from BA presented the highest sex differences and from RJ the lowest ones; e) age differences occurred in the F4 (favorable to younger students for SP) and in the F5 (favorable to older ones for BA and RJ). The meaning of these differences and similarities are discussed as well as some explanatory hypotheses and questions for further studies.