Power Compensation of Network Losses in a Microgrid With BESS by Distributed Consensus Algorithm

In this article, by using distributed consensus algorithm, the power compensation problem of network losses in a microgrid is considered with battery energy storage systems (BESSs). At first, the battery storage unit (BSU) is assembled at each node to maintain the power supply demand balance of the microgrid, then the power constraint is considered, which demands each BSU must run between its upper and lower bounds, otherwise, the upper or lower bounds will be used to replace the real power of the BSU. In order to keep the power balance of microgrid when network losses exist, a novel distributed consensus algorithm is proposed to compensate the missing power through the discharging process of BSUs, and the state of charge (SOC) of BESS is also considered. Besides, the case of battery faults is also considered, where the minimum layout point constraint is presented to ensure the completely compensation of the whole transmission losses. Finally, the test results of IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 57-bus microgrid systems are provided to verify the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method, respectively.