Ferroelectric and dielectric properties of Nd/V co-doped Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics

Nd/V co-doped Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics, Bi4−yNdyTi2.98V 0.02O12.01 (BNTV, y = 0.16 , 0.26, 0.36 and 0.56), were prepared using a solid-state reaction method and their phase assemblages, microstructure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties were investigated. The Curie temperature of BNTV ceramics decreases with increasing Nd concentration. The loss tangent of the materials is much lower (1.8% at 400 ∘C/100 kHz for BNTV0256) than that of BIT sample (77%). Besides, BNTV ceramics exhibit saturated ferroelectric hysteresis loops with 2Pr of 26–31 μC/cm2 and Ec of 41–57.5 kV/cm.