Ecological plasticity and stability of promising varieties of winter soft wheat in the Northern Caspian region

The article presents the results of environmental tests of promising varieties of winter soft wheat of various selections in the harsh climatic conditions of the semi-desert zone of the Northern Caspian Sea. Based on the data obtained in different years of moisture availability, the varieties that are characterized not only by high productivity, but also by the ability to form stable yields in specific soil and climatic conditions are identified. The coefficients of adaptability, plasticity, and stress resistance were calculated based on the "yield" indicator. As a result of three-year studies, the most productive and highly ecological adaptations were distinguished by the varieties Berezit and Kamyshanka 2, whose yield over the years of research averaged 1.40 t / ha and 1.18 t / ha, and the coefficient of adaptability was 1.58 and 1.14, respectively. It should be noted that the variety Kamyshanka 2 also had the highest index of resistance to environmental stress factors.