Electrochemical crystal growth of perovskite ruthenates

Single crystals of CaRu 1− x Mn x O 3 and SrRuO 3 were grown using an electrochemical technique with calcium or strontium chloride as a solvent, and the crystallographic properties of grown crystals were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction. CaRu 1− x Mn x O 3 and SrRuO 3 crystals with natural surfaces were obtained on the cathode, reflecting the characteristic of the growth in a liquid phase. In spite of the low synthesis temperature of 780 °C, the size of CaRuO 3 crystals was relatively large (∼2.5 mm in length). The Mn content of grown crystals was in proportion to the molar ratio of Mn 2 O 3 /RuO 2 at the synthesis, and CaRu 1− x Mn x O 3 crystals with different compositions could be obtained by only changing the ratio of the raw materials.