Age-related decline in color perception and difficulties with daily activities–measurement, questionnaire, optical and computer-graphics simulation studies

In aging societies, the age-related decline in visual ability is a particularly important problem. To identify problems in daily living caused by this decline in visual ability, we simulated vision in the elderly using yellowed lenses. A questionnaire study was then conducted to investigate the population and age group that has visual deficits about issues identified in the optical study. Subjective responses related to yellowing in vision became prominent in people over 75 years old. A color judgment experiment was carried out using subjects aged 80 or older. Confusing color combinations are; yellow/white, blue/green, dark blue/black and purple/dark red. Based on this color confusion data, we used computer graphics to simulate vision in the elderly. Simulated views of public signs are shown. Relevance to industry This study shows what colors tend to be confused by the elderly and provides essential data for developing products for older adults. Color combinations on interfaces such as switches, indicators and displays have to be considered carefully. Optical and computer-graphics simulations of the yellowed vision of the elderly based on color tests are powerful tools for improvement through experience.