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Coke Deposition on Ni/HZSM-5 in Bio-oil Hydrodeoxygenation Processing

Authors :
Yu Li
Yonggang Liu
Ruiqin Zhang
Xiaoxue Hou
Xiaoyan Tang
Changsen Zhang
Source :
Energy & Fuels. 29:1722-1728
Publication Year :
2015
Publisher :
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2015.

Abstract

The deactivation of bifunctional Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts is essentially due to the formation of heavy secondary products (i.e., coke) in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-oil. Coke deposited on the Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst was characterized using analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The type and quantitative distribution of the deposited coke on the Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst were determined by the dissolution of the aluminum–silicate matrix in a hydrofluoric acid solution. The composition of soluble coke was obtained by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) measurements. It is found that coke can be divided into soft coke, hard coke, and graphite at different reaction temperatures. Organic reactants can be transformed into soft coke and hard coke by different chemical reactions, such as alkylation, aromatization, hydrogen transfer, and dehydrogenation. The quantitative distribution between solu...

Details

ISSN :
15205029 and 08870624
Volume :
29
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Energy & Fuels
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........138ca64568dda63cde17cc03e1ac128d
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5024669