Synergistic role of aluminium in stabilization of mixed metal oxide catalyst for the nitration of aromatic compounds

Aluminium stabilized mixed metal oxide of copper and iron serve as an active catalyst for the nitration of benzene in solid–liquid phase reaction, using 69% nitric acid as a nitrating agent. The reaction was carried out with 100% selectivity towards nitro benzene. Various solvents such as, n-hexane, n-heptane, DMC and DCE were employed, DCE was the most effective in removal of water azeotropically in acidic medium, which is the only byproduct formed in the reaction. The activity of the catalyst decreases in the repeated use due to partial leaching.