Double-layer tri-wavelength hydrophobic antireflective coatings derived from methylated silica nanoparticles and hybrid silica nanoparticles

In this paper, we reported the design and preparation of a double-layer antireflective (AR) coating, which possessed relatively high transmittance at 351, 527, and 1053 nm. The refractive indices and film thicknesses of the under layer and upper layer of the simulated AR coating were determined as 1.27, 95 nm and 1.18, 106 nm, respectively. The under layer of the double-layer coating dip-coated from a mixture of base-catalyzed and acid-catalyzed silica sols had a refractive index of 1.27. The upper layer fabricated by the deposition of methylated silica nanoparticles by simply adding methyltriethoxysilane into the base-catalyzed silica sols possessed a refractive index of 1.18. The hydrophobicity of coatings could be dramatically improved with the water contact angle increasing from 23.4° to 150.0°, and the refractive indices of the pure base-catalyzed silica coatings were easily decreased from 1.20 to 1.12 through the surface treatment of silica nanoparticles. Thus, we have successfully prepared a double-layer AR coating, which had a high transmittance of 99.8%, 96.1%, and 99.7% at 351, 527, and 1053 nm, respectively.