Radiologic Anatomy of the Brain

1. Cerebral Hemisphere.- 1. Fissures and Sulci (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Fissures and Sulci of the External Surface of the Cerebral Hemisphere.- 1. Principal or Interlobar Fissures.- 2. Sulci of the External Surface.- a) Sulci of the Frontal Lobe.- b) Sulci of the Parietal Lobe.- c) Sulci of the Occipital Lobe.- d) Sulci of the Temporal Lobe.- II. Anatomic Study of the Fissures and Sulci of the Internal Surface of the Cerebral Hemisphere.- 1. Fissures of the Internal Surface.- 2. Sulci of the Internal Surface.- III. Anatomic Study of the Fissures and Sulci of the Inferior Surface of the Cerebral Hemisphere.- 1. Fissure of the Inferior Surface-Sylvian Fissure.- 2. Sulci of the Inferior Surface.- a) Sulci of the Orbital Surface of the Frontal Lobe.- b) Sulci of the Inferior Surface of the Temporal and Occipital Lobes.- IV. Radiologic Study of Fissures and Sulci.- 2. Lateral Ventricles (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Lateral Ventricles.- 1. Frontal Horn of the Lateral Ventricle.- 2. Body of the Lateral Ventricle.- 3. Atrium of the Lateral Ventricle.- 4. Occipital Horn of the Lateral Ventricle.- 5. Temporal Horn of the Lateral Ventricle.- II. Radiologic Study of the Lateral Ventricles.- 1. Frontal Horn of the Lateral Ventricle.- 2. Body of the Lateral Ventricle.- 3. Atrium of the Lateral Ventricle.- 4. Occipital Horn of the Lateral Ventricle.- 5. Temporal Horn of the Lateral Ventricle.- 3. Cortical Arteries (G. S.).- A. Anterior Cerebral Artery.- I. Anatomic Study of the Anterior Cerebral Artery.- Branches of the Anterior Cerebral Artery.- a) Branch to the Orbital Surface of the Frontal Lobe.- b) Branches to the Internal Surface of the Frontal Lobe.- c) Branch to the Paracentral Lobule.- d) Branches to the Internal Aspect of the Parietal Lobe.- e) Branches to the Corpus Callosum.- II. Radiologic Study of the Anterior Cerebral Artery.- B. Middle Cerebral Artery.- I. Anatomic Study of the Middle Cerebral Artery.- 1. Patterns of Division of the Middle Cerebral Artery within the Sylvian Fissure.- 2. Frontal Branches of the Middle Cerebral Artery.- 3. Parietal Branches of the Middle Cerebral Artery.- 4. Temporal and Temporo-Occipital Branches of the Middle Cerebral Artery.- 5. Insular Branches.- II. Radiologic Study of the Middle Cerebral Artery.- C. Anterior Choroidal Artery.- I. Anatomic Study of the Anterior Choroidal Artery.- II. Radiologic Study of the Anterior Choroidal Artery.- D. Posterior Cerebral Artery.- I. Anatomic Study of the Posterior Cerebral Artery.- II. Radiologic Study of the Posterior Cerebral Artery.- 4. Basal Cerebral Vein (Y. P. H.).- A. Normal Anatomy.- I. First Segment of the Basal Cerebral Vein and Its Tributaries.- 1. Deep Middle Cerebral Vein.- 2. Inferior Striate Veins.- 3. Olfactory Vein.- 4. Fronto-Orbital Veins.- 5. Anterior Cerebral and Pericallosal Veins.- 6. Veinlets from the Optic Chiasm, Optic Tract, and Adjacent Structures.- II. Second Segment of the Basal Cerebral Vein and Its Tributaries>.- 1. Peduncular Vein.- 2. Inferior Ventricular Vein.- III. Third Segment of the Basal Cerebral Vein and Its Tributaries.- 1. Lateral Mesencephalic Vein.- 2. Lateral Atrial Vein.- 3. Medial Temporal and Occipitotemporal Cortical Veins.- 4. Posterior Longitudinal Hippocampal Vein.- 5. Posterior Thalamic Veins.- B. Anatomic Variations.- 2. Mesencephalic Region, Diencephalic Region, and Basal Ganglia.- 1. Third Ventricle and Suprasellar Cisterns (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Third Ventricle and Suprasellar Cisterns.- 1. Third Ventricle.- 2. Suprasellar Cisterns.- II. Radiologic Study of the Third Ventricle and Suprasellar Cisterns.- 2. Aqueduct of Sylvius (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Aqueduct of Sylvius.- II. Radiologic Study of the Aqueduct of Sylvius.- 3. Arteries of the Basal Ganglia and the Posterior Choroidal Arteries (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Perforating Arteries of the Basal Ganglia and of the Posterior Choroidal Arteries.- 1. Perforating Branches of the Carotid System.- a) Perforating Branches of the Anterior Cerebral Artery.- b) Perforating Branches of the Middle Cerebral Artery.- c) Perforating Branches of the Anterior Choroidal Artery.- 2. Perforating Branches of the Vertebrobasilar System.- a) Arteries to the Inferior Surface of the Thalamus.- b) Arteries to the Posterior Surface of the Thalamus.- c) Arteries to the Superior Surface of the Thalamus.- II. Radiologic Study of the Perforating Arteries of the Basal Ganglia and of the Posterior Choroidal Arteries.- 4. Deep Cerebral Veins (Y. P. H.).- A. Internal Cerebral and Great Cerebral Veins.- B. Subependymal Veins of the Lateral Ventricle.- I. Medial Group of theSubependymal Veins.- 1. Septal Vein.- 2. Posterior Septal Vein.- 3. Medial Atrial Vein.- 4. Transverse Hippocampal Subependymal Veins.- II. Lateral Group of the Subependymal Veins.- 1. Thalamostriate Vein.- 2. Direct Lateral Vein.- 3. Inferior Ventricular Vein.- C. Choroidal Veins of the Lateral Ventricle.- D. Veins of the White Matter of the Cerebral Hemisphere-Medullary Veins.- E. Veins of the Grey Matter of the Cerebral Hemisphere.- 3. Posterior Fossa.- 1. Fourth Ventricle and Cisterns of the Posterior Fossa (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Fourth Ventricle.- 1. Floor of the Fourth Ventricle.- 2. Roof of the Fourth Ventricle t2.- II. Anatomic Study of the Posterior Fossa Cisterns.- 1. Cisterns Anterior to the Brainstem.- a) Medullary Cistern.- b) Pontine Cistern.- c) Cerebellopontine Angle Cistern.- 2. Cistern Posterior to the Medulla and Below the Inferior Vermis-Cisterna Magna.- 3. Cisterns Posterior to the Tectum and Superior to the Cerebellum.- 4. Cisterns Around the Cerebral Peduncles.- III. Radiologic Study of Posterior Fossa, Fourth Ventricle and Cisterns of the Posterior Fossa.- 2. Arteries of the Vertebrobasilar System (G. S.).- I. Anatomic Study of the Arteries of the Vertebrobasilar System.- 1. Intracranial Segment of the Vertebral Artery.- 2. Basilar Trunk.- 3. Arteries of the Brainstem.- a) Arteries of the Medulla.- b) Arteries of the Pons.- c) Arteries of the Cerebral Peduncles.- 4. Arteries of the Cerebellum.- a) Superior Cerebellar Artery-SCA.- b) Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery-AICA.- c) Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery-PICA.- II. Radiologic Study of the Arteries of the Vertebrobasilar System.- 1. Basilar Trunk and Its Branches.- 2. Anterior. Inferior Cerebellar Artery-AICA.- 3. Superior Cerebellar Artery-SCA.- 3. Veins of the Posterior Fossa (Y. P. H.).- I. Superior or Galenic Draining Group.- 1. Mesencephalic Tributaries.- 2. Cerebellar Tributaries.- II. Anterior or Petrosal Draining Group.- 1. Tributaries Related to the Anterior Aspect of the Brain Stem.- 2. Tributaries Related to the Wing of the Precentral Cerebellar Fissure.- 3. Tributaries Related to the Posterolateral Fissure.- 4. Tributaries Related to the Cerebellomedullary Fissure.- 5. Tributaries Related to the Cerebellar Hemisphere.- III. Posterior or Tentorial Draining Group.- IV. Intercommunications Among the Superior, Anterior and Posterior Draining Groups and Between the Supra- and Infratentorial Veins.- V. Circulation Times of Veins of the Posterior Fossa.- References.