Endorectal advancement flap with muscular plication: a modified technique for rectovaginal fistula repair

Aim Endorectal advancement flap is the most used treatment for acquired rectovaginal fistula but is liable to failure. We describe our experience with a modified technique. Method Patients were included who had an acquired rectovaginal fistula. Exclusions included patients with Crohn’s disease with proctitis, malignant or radiation-related fistula, stricture of the anorectum or those with an external sphincter defect. Surgery included closure of the internal opening with a figure-of-eight reabsorbable suture, plication of the anorectal muscular layer and mucosal flap advancement. Total parenteral nutrition was administered postoperatively for seven days. Results Between March 2003 and July 2008, 23 consecutive women (mean age 45.5 [28–78] years) were treated. The cause of fistulation included obstetric injury (n = 5), cryptoglandular disease (n = 11) and Crohn’s disease (n = 7). Thirteen (57%) patients had a previous failed repair. At a mean follow-up of 14 (2–67) months, success was achieved in 65% (15/23) of patients. The mean Wexner incontinence scores pre- and postoperatively were 1.3 (0–15) and 0.6 (0–6), respectively. Conclusion The success rate was promising with no deterioration of anal continence.