Properties of Materials with Regulated Nano Spaces

A history of the past researches on materials having nano spaces inside is described in connection to the present status and the future prospect. Specific features of such a family of nano materials are categorized and some of the important issues are discussed in more details by showing experimental examples. Atoms and molecules confined inside the nano spaces are focused from the viewpoint of anharmonic oscillations or energy non-dissipative isolation from outside. Glass-like low thermal conductivity and superconductivity appearing in this system are discussed on a basis of phonons.