Hardware Control of the Electron Beam Energy Density by the Heating Spot

Various types of scanning can enhance the quality of welding joints, which allows us to control the energy distribution of the electron beam. In the study conducted by the authors, it was experimentally revealed that the best quality of welded joints is obtained by scanning an electron beam in the form of a sinusoidal raster. The research was conducted for thin-walled aerospace structures. Equipment was developed that realizes scanning in the form of different rasters, considering the frequency of the sweep, thereby removing the high frequency, which will allow getting a more even “saw”. As the different types of scanning shapes at which the optimization was carried out, the next types were used: a classical raster, a sinusoidal raster and a truncated raster. The obtained results allow a more meaningful approach to the process of electron beam welding of different types of materials and thin-walled structures and obtaining a consistent seam quality.