A dose finding and PK/PD study of weekly amrubicin in patients with refractory or relapsed lung cancer: Central Japan Lung Study Group (CJLSG) 0601 trial

e13517 Background: Amrubicin (AMR) is a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor, and a promising agent for both small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. AMR is usually administered on days 1–3 intravenously. However, it causes severe, occasionally fatal, toxicity of leucopenia and neutropenia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of AMR, to determine the recommended weekly dose, and to conduct a PK/PD study in patients with chemotherapy-refractory or recurrent lung cancer. Methods: Refractory or relapsed non-small cell and small cell lung cancer patients after 1 or 2 regimens, younger than 80 and with adequate main organ functions were eligible. AMR was initiated 45 mg/m2 given weekly (on day 1 and 8 q3wks). The dose level was increased by 5 mg/m2 by modified Fibonacci dose escalation scheme. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was assessed on the 1st cycle. Results: 16 patients were enrolled. Patients were 7 small cell lung cancer and 9 non-small cell lung cancer. 54 cycles (median: 3, range: 1–6) were administered in 5 dose levels. In 65 mg/m2 level, 3 patients had DLTs. The maximum tolerated dose was 65 mg/m2. The recommended weekly AMR dose was determined to be 60 mg/m2. Leucocytopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and the dose level were correlated (p [Table: see text] [Table: see text]