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Advances in organ-on-a-chip engineering
- Source :
- Nature Reviews Materials. 3:257-278
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Predicting the effects of drugs before human clinical trials is at the heart of drug screening and discovery processes. The cost of drug discovery is steadily increasing owing to the limited predictability of 2D cell culture and animal models. The convergence of microfabrication and tissue engineering gave rise to organ-on-a-chip technologies, which offer an alternative to conventional preclinical models for drug screening. Organ-on-a-chip devices can replicate key aspects of human physiology crucial for the understanding of drug effects, improving preclinical safety and efficacy testing. In this Review, we discuss how organ-on-a-chip technologies can recreate functions of organs, focusing on tissue barrier properties, parenchymal tissue function and multi-organ interactions, which are three key aspects of human physiology. Specific organ-on-a-chip systems are examined in terms of cell sources, functional hallmarks and available disease models. Finally, we highlight the challenges that need to be overcome for the clinical translation of organ-on-a-chip devices regarding materials, cellular fidelity, multiplexing, sensing, scalability and validation. Organ-on-a-chip devices can recreate key aspects of human physiology in vitro, offering an alternative to animal models for preclinical drug testing. This Review examines how tissue barrier properties, parenchymal tissue function and multi-organ interactions can be recreated in organ-on-a-chip systems and applied for drug screening.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Drug discovery
Computer science
media_common.quotation_subject
Human physiology
Computational biology
Organ-on-a-chip
Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Biomaterials
03 medical and health sciences
030104 developmental biology
Tissue engineering
Materials Chemistry
Function (engineering)
Energy (miscellaneous)
media_common
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20588437
- Volume :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature Reviews Materials
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........27d9b72b47019eb2e673f9542b790055