A novel chemiluminescence sensor for the determination of indomethacin based on sulfur and nitrogen co‐doped carbon quantum dot–KMnO 4 reaction

We report on a simple and sensitive sulfur and nitrogen co-doped carbon quantum dot (S,N-CQD)-based chemiluminescence (CL) sensor for the determination of indomethacin. S,N-CQDs were prepared by a hydrothermal method and characterized by fluorescence spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. To obtain the best CL system for determination of indomethacin, the reaction of S,N-CQDs with some common oxidants was studied. Among the tested systems, the S,N-CQD–KMnO4 reaction showed the highest sensitivity for the detection of indomethacin. Under optimum conditions, the calibration plot was linear over a concentration range of 0.1–1.5 mg L−1, with a limit of detection (3σ) of 65 μg L−1. The method was applied to the determination of indomethacin in environmental and biological samples with satisfactory results.