Optimization of Hydro Turbine Governor in a Stand-Alone Hydro Plant using PID Control

The expensive and limited fossil energy is the reason to develop renewable energy, which is the right solution to fix the environmental problems and support the national development of Indonesia. The Department of Electrical Engineering of USU supports the government and sees the potential sources of power around the campus, which is performed by developing a mini-hydro generator by using water as the source of power that comes from a tower on campus. The design of the mini-hydro generator that will be implemented in the Electrical Engineering department was made at the di Simulink Matlab R2018a. There is a speed control using PID control in HTG in the system during disturbances, namely the loading changes (loading variations). The PID control value used is the result of optimization using GA, and by controlling the speed in HTG, an IEEE standard frequency is obtained, which is ±1% (50 Hz).