Preparation and characterization of Ruthenium doped Li4Ti5O12 anode material for the enhancement of rate capability and cyclic stability

Li4Ti5O12 and Ru-doped Li4Ti5O12 with the formulation of Li4Ti4.99Ru0.01O12 were prepared by a modified solid-state method. The structure and electrochemical properties of the as-prepared powders were systematically investigated. Li4Ti4.99Ru0.01O12 exhibited an excellent rate capability with a discharge capacity of 146 mAhg− 1 at 1 C, 126 mAhg− 1 at 5 C, 119 mAhg− 1 at 10 C and even 107 mAhg− 1 at 20 C. Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) reveal that the Li4Ti4.99Ru0.01O12 exhibited the improved electronic conductivity and higher lithium-ion diffusivity than that of Li4Ti5O12. The novel Li4Ti4.99Ru0.01O12 material stands as a promising potentially high rate anode material for the lithium ion batteries.