Applications of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Engineering

In recent years, we have witnessed the revolutionary changes brought by nanotechnology in many fields. Nanomaterials are the building blocks of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties which are absent in bulk materials. Among nanomaterials, noble metal nanoparticles (NMNs) have been attracted due to their enchanting optical and chemical properties. At present, NMNs have enormous applications including catalysis, biosensors, bioimaging, theranostics, antimicrobial, cosmetics and medical appliances, and many others. In this book chapter, we have discussed briefly about the current scenario of nanotechnology, synthetic strategies of nanoparticles including top-down, bottom-up and biological approaches, characterization techniques, optical properties and different applications of nanoparticles in medical biotechnology.