Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia: A retrospective single-center study

Objective With an increased use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), post-ERCP complications have attracted much attention. We aimed to identify independent risk factors of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and hyperamylasemia, and to develop a simple scoring system of the factors contributing to the clinical prevention against PEP. Methods A retrospective single-center analysis was performed in 4234 ERCP procedures between September 2007 and December 2012. Patient-related and procedure-related risk factors for PEP and post-ERCP hyperamylasemia were identified by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. A scoring system was developed based on the independent risk factors. Results PEP occurred in 226 (5.3%) ERCP procedures and hyperamylasemia in 774 (18.3%) procedures. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.449), first-time ERCP (OR 1.745), latent jaundice (OR 1.917), difficult cannulation (OR 3.317) and pancreatography (OR 1.823) were all proven to be significant risk factors for predicting PEP. In addition, difficult cannulation (OR 1.990) and pancreatography (OR 2.009), age