Transdermal Delivery of Anionic Phospholipid Nanoparticles Containing Fullerene

In this work, we prepared a transparent dispersion of fullerene nanoparticles by sonication with anionic phospholipids of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylglycerol (DPPG) with fluorescently NBD-labeled 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (DPPE). Upon incubation of the fullerene nanoparticles with a rat skin, the nanoparticles successfully penetrated the stratum corneum and reached the epidermis.