Update on intra-abdominal and post-surgical infections

The present article is an update of the literature on intra-abdominal infection, which represents a spectrum of diseases with a common pathogenesis. Establishing a prompt diagnosis and avoiding treatment delays are key to achieving the best outcomes. Mortality depends on initiating early appropriate treatment to restore fluid and electrolyte imbalances, supporting the function of vital organs, providing appropriate broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy, and achieving adequate source control. A multidisciplinary group of Spanish physicians with an interest in these infections selected the most important papers produced in the field during 2005 and 2006. One of the members of the group discussed the content of each of the selected papers, with a critical review by other members of the panel. After a review of the state of the art, papers from the fields of epidemiology, pathophysiology, basic science, causative microorganisms and microbiological diagnosis, main clinical syndromes, principles of therapy, new antibiotics and surgical procedures, preventive measures, recommended antimicrobial regimens and guidelines were discussed by the group. Faculty from this panel have made an interesting contribution to our understanding and management of intra-abdominal infections at present. Their contribution is particularly relevant for clinical practice.