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Surface temperature dataset for North America obtained by application of optimal interpolation algorithm merging tree-ring chronologies and climate model output
- Source :
- Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 127:533-549
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2015.
-
Abstract
- A new dataset of surface temperature over North America has been constructed by merging climate model results and empirical tree-ring data through the application of an optimal interpolation algorithm. Errors of both the Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) simulation and the tree-ring reconstruction were considered to optimize the combination of the two elements. Variance matching was used to reconstruct the surface temperature series. The model simulation provided the background field, and the error covariance matrix was estimated statistically using samples from the simulation results with a running 31-year window for each grid. Thus, the merging process could continue with a time-varying gain matrix. This merging method (MM) was tested using two types of experiment, and the results indicated that the standard deviation of errors was about 0.4 °C lower than the tree-ring reconstructions and about 0.5 °C lower than the model simulation. Because of internal variabilities and uncertainties in the external forcing data, the simulated decadal warm–cool periods were readjusted by the MM such that the decadal variability was more reliable (e.g., the 1940–1960s cooling). During the two centuries (1601–1800 AD) of the preindustrial period, the MM results revealed a compromised spatial pattern of the linear trend of surface temperature, which is in accordance with the phase transition of the Pacific decadal oscillation and Atlantic multidecadal oscillation. Compared with pure CCSM4 simulations, it was demonstrated that the MM brought a significant improvement to the decadal variability of the gridded temperature via the merging of temperature-sensitive tree-ring records.
- Subjects :
- Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Meteorology
Covariance matrix
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
Standard deviation
Climatology
Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
Community Climate System Model
Common spatial pattern
Climate model
Algorithm
Geology
Pacific decadal oscillation
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Interpolation
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14344483 and 0177798X
- Volume :
- 127
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Theoretical and Applied Climatology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........4992af3c7bfcdb679fdc5fdc105adc89