Low-temperature firing and microwave dielectric properties of MgNb2-xVx/2O6-1.25x ceramics

MgNb2-xVx/2O6-1.25x (0.1≤x≤0.6) ceramics with orthorhombic columbite structures were prepared at low-temperature by a solid-phase process. The phase component, microscopic morphology, low-temperature sintering mechanism and microwave dielectric performance of MgNb2-xVx/2O6-1.25x ceramics were comprehensively investigated. Low-temperature sintering densification of dielectric ceramics was achieved via the nonstoichiometric substitution of vanadium (V) at the Nb-site. In contrast to pure MgNb2O6 ceramics, the sintering temperature of MgNb2-xVx/2O6-1.25x (x = 0.2) ceramics was reduced by nearly 300 °C owing to the liquid-phase assisted sintering mechanism. The liquid phase arises from the autogenous low-melting-point phase. Meanwhile, MgNb2-xVx/2O6-1.25x (x = 0.2) samples with nonstoichiometric substitution could achieve a more than 900% improvement in the Q × f value, compared with stoichiometrically MgNb2-xVxO6 (x = 0.1, 0.2) ceramics. Finally, MgNb2-xVx/2O6-1.25x dielectric ceramics possess outstanding microwave dielectric properties: er = 20.5, Q × f = 91000, and τf = -65 ppm/°C when sintered at 1030 °C for x = 0.2, which provides an alternative material for LTCC technology and an effective approach for low-temperature sintering of Nb-based microwave dielectric ceramics.