Metabolic complete response after docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (DCS) therapy and sequential radiation therapy in a patient with anal squamous cell carcinoma: a case report

Chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recently?it has been reported that a combination therapy of taxane, platinum and fluoride pyrimidine is useful for SCC. A 58-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with anal pain and constipation. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a 9×6 cm tumor, stenosis in the anal region, and swollen pelvic and inguinal lymph nodes. She underwent laparoscopic ileal stomatoplasty and biopsy. A diagnosis of SCC of anal canal was confirmed by histopathological examination. She received a combination therapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (DCS), followed by radiation therapy (RT). After her chemoradiotherapy, no abnormal accumulation was observed on a positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan, and she was diagnosed with metabolic complete response (CR). The 3-drug combination therapy of taxane, platinum, fluoride pyrimidine followed by RT as primary treatment may be effective in the treatment of anal SCC.