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Broadening Defense Mechanisms: Literature Review and Discussion

Authors :
Gerald Young
Source :
Causality and Neo-Stages in Development ISBN: 9783030825393
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Springer International Publishing, 2021.

Abstract

The second chapter on defense mechanisms consists of an extensive literature review and multiple definitional, conceptual, and applied contributions. The literature review covers the major themes of adaptation, coping, and stress and defense mechanisms. The section in adaptation, coping, and stress describes recent theorizing in the field; how stress affects the body, brain, and mind; and what happens in long-term stress. That said, stress is partly related to appraisals and varies from individual to individual, depending on context, age, personal factors, and so on. The brain is described in Bayesian terms, or in terms of predictive processing based on priors and current context. As for the area of defense mechanisms, the literature indicates an active field that is using psychometrically sound instruments to discover the workings of the unconscious. The area describes the development of defense mechanisms, but not in specific relation to their emergence in the stages of development. The discussion of the chapter presents the concepts of protectivity, defensivity, and offensivity. It presents a 15-point scale of coping involving stress/mitigation/magnification. It concludes by recommending that the terms of defense mentalism, defense modality, and defense function presenting a hierarchical model with these terms and that of defense mechanism.

Details

ISBN :
978-3-030-82539-3
ISBNs :
9783030825393
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Causality and Neo-Stages in Development ISBN: 9783030825393
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........59008b30985fe40705e65dff00ffcbe9