High piezoelectric d 31 coefficient and high T c in PMW-PNN-PZT ceramics sintered at low temperature

In this study, in order to develop piezoelectric ceramics with high piezoelectric d 31 coefficient and high Curie temperature (Tc), Pb(Mg 1/2 W 1/2 ) 0.03 (Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 0.09 (Zr 0.5 Ti 0.5 ) 0.88 O 3 ceramics doped with sintering aids were fabricated using a columbite precursor method. The crystal structure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated as a function of calcination temperature. At the sintering temperature of 920 °C, the optimal values of density = 7.83(g/cm 3 ), piezoelectric coefficient(d 31 ) = 263pC/N, piezoelectric coefficient(d 33 ) = 620pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling coefficient (k p ) = 0.689, mechanical quality factor (Q m ) = 100, dielectric constant(e r ) = 2524 and Curie temperature (Tc) = 340 °C were obtained from the ceramics with the two step calcination temperature of 1st = 1130 °C, 2nd = 780 °C, respectively, for haptic actuator application.