Recent developments in graphene based novel structures for efficient and durable fuel cells

Novel and unique characteristics of graphene have received much attention in energy conversion and storage devices. Graphene based hybrid structures have been employed for a wide variety of efficient and durable fuel cell energy systems. Here, the review focuses on the components of fuel cell device and utilization of graphene in modern fuel cell technology such as graphene based electrodes, electro-catalysts, electrolyte membrane and bipolar plates. Dispersion of graphene over conductive electrodes provide electrochemically active sites to improve the electrocatalytic activity towards oxidation reduction reaction and fuel oxidation. The main issue regarding the degradation of fuel cell is corrosion of bipolar plates which is also discussed and can be reduced by incorporating graphene based metal composites. Various electrical transport measurements and electrochemical parameters were also studied to evaluate the fuel cell performance. Incorporation of graphene in fuel cell technology exhibit excellent catalytic performance in potential applications of fuel cell devices.