Evaluating the accuracy, quality, and readability of online physical activity, exercise, and sport information for people with schizophrenia

Individuals with schizophrenia are not physically active and experience high rates of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Research shows that the Internet is a valuable and convenient source of health information for individuals with schizophrenia. Despite its importance, online physical activity, exercise, and sport information for this population has not been assessed. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the accuracy, quality, and readability of online physical activity, exercise, and sport information for people with schizophrenia. This review followed an adapted methodology proposed by Jetha, Faulkner, Gorczynski, Arbour, and Martin Ginis (2011). Websites were obtained from mental health organizations and following a standardized search protocol. Websites were included in the review if they discussed physical activity, exercise, or sport information and individuals with schizophrenia. Overall, 17 websites were included in the review. Two researchers independently evaluated each website for descriptive characteristics, information accuracy, technical quality, theoretical behavioral quality, targeting strategies, and readability. Information on physical activity, exercise, or sport was mostly provided on websites designed by community organizations (41%) and news agencies (41%). Most websites (59%) did not provide information that was supported by any physical activity guidelines for aerobic or resistance exercises. Nearly all websites (94%) mentioned the benefits and barriers to active living, but few (29%) discussed other cognitive or behavioral aspects that could promote physical activity participation. The majority of websites (88%) required a reading grade level of 10 or higher. More research is necessary to help tailor online physical activity, exercise, and sport information for this population.