Back to Search
Start Over
Association Between Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and a Clostridium difficile– Associated Disease Outbreak: Case–Control Study
- Source :
- The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. 63
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists (CSHP), 2010.
-
Abstract
- Background: The use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been implicated as a potential contributor to the development of Clostridium difficile–associated disease (CDAD) because of the ability of these drugs to substantially reduce the bactericidal effect of gastric acid. This study focused on the impact of PPIs, among other known risk factors, during an outbreak of CDAD in a hospital setting. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine whether there was an association between current use of a PPI and the CDAD outbreak. Secondary objectives were to evaluate any correlations between the CDAD outbreak and past use of PPIs, use of antibiotics, diabetes mellitus, enteral feeding, cancer, gastrointestinal surgery, inflammatory bowel disease, and previous care or residence in an institutional setting. Methods: A retrospective case–control study was conducted. One hundred and fifty cases of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile were identified. Patients were individually matched to controls for age, sex, date of admission to hospital, and hospital unit. The groups were compared with respect to each exposure. Results: Eight case patients could not be matched with suitable controls. Therefore, data from 142 cases and 142 controls were analyzed. There was no association between current use of a PPI and the CDAD outbreak (odds ratio [OR] 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.01). Similarly, there was no correlation between the CDAD outbreak and diabetes, enteral feeding, cancer, gastrointestinal surgery, inflammatory bowel disease, or previous care or residence in an institution. However, the development of CDAD was positively associated with use of antibiotics within the 30 days preceding the infection (OR 12.0, 95% CI 4.0–35.7) and with past use of a PPI (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4–4.3). Conclusions: The development of CDAD during a hospital outbreak was associated with use of antibiotics and with past, not current, use of PPIs. RESUME Contexte : L’emploi des inhibiteurs de la pompe a protons (IPP) jouerait un role dans l’apparition des maladies associees au Clostridium difficile (MACD) a cause de leur capacite a reduire considerablement l’effet bactericide de l’acide gastrique. Cette etude s’est penchee sur le role des IPP, parmi d’autres facteurs de risque connus, durant une eclosion de MACD dans un hopital. Objectifs : Le principal objectif etait de determiner s’il existait un lien entre l’utilisation actuelle d’un IPP et l’eclosion de MACD. Les objectifs secondaires etaient d’evaluer les correlations entre l’eclosion de MACD et l’utilisation anterieure d’IPP, l’utilisation d’antibiotiques, le diabete sucre, l’alimentation enterale, le cancer, les interventions chirurgicales gastrointestinales, la maladie inflammatoire de l’intestin et le fait d’avoir sejourne ou de vivre dans un etablissement. Methodes : On a effectue une etude cas-temoins retrospective. On a repertorie 150 cas de maladies nosocomiales associees au Clostridium difficile. Les patients ont ete apparies individuellement a des temoins en fonction de l’âge, du sexe, de la date d’hospitalisation et de l’unite de soins. Les groupes ont ete compares pour ce qui est de chaque exposition. Resultats : Huit cas n’ont pu etre apparies a des temoins convenables. Les donnees de 142 cas et de 142 temoins ont donc ete analysees. Aucune association n’a ete etablie entre l’utilisation actuelle d’IPP et l’eclosion de MACD (risque relatif approche [RRA] 1,0, intervalle de confiance a 95 % [IC] 0,99-1,01). De meme, on n’a observe aucune correlation entre l’eclosion de MACD et le diabete, l’alimentation enterale, le cancer, une intervention chirurgicale gastro-intestinale, la maladie inflammatoire de l’intestin ou le fait de vivre dans un etablissement. Cependant, on a etabli une correlation entre l’apparition de MACD et l’utilisation d’antibiotiques dans les 30 jours precedant l’infection (RRA 12,0, IC a 95 % 4,0-35,7) et l’utilisation anterieure d’IPP (RRA 2,4, IC a 95 % 1,4-4,3). Conclusions : On a etabli un lien entre l’apparition de MACD pendant une eclosion a l’hopital et l’utilisation d’antibiotiques ainsi que l’utilisation anterieure, mais pas actuelle, d’IPP.
Details
- ISSN :
- 19202903 and 00084123
- Volume :
- 63
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........666c62edbb7444dd0d0ad629346fc500
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v63i1.866