Magnetic Properties of Liquid Transition Metals and Their Alloys

The measurements of the magnetic susceptibility of liquid transition metals alloyed with normal and rare earth metals are reviewed. The susceptibility of liquid Co and Ni alloys decreases rapidly on alloying as a function of concentration of the normal metal. The susceptibility of liquid Fe increases on alloying and shows a maximum as a function of concentration. The temperature coefficient of the reciprocal susceptibility can change sign; it depends on the Fermi energy of the normal metal and the number of the 3d‐electrons of the transition metal. For Ge‐rich Fe‐Ge alloys a maximum of the magnetic susceptibility as a function of temperature has been observed. The magnetic susceptibility of liquid Co‐Ce alloys shows a minimum in the middle of the concentration range and the localised magnetic moment of Ce disappears for such alloys. The experimental results are discussed in the framework of theories originally suggested for the solid state.