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NUCLEAR FUNCTION AND RELEASE OF IL-33
- Source :
- The Professional Medical Journal. 21:503-508
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Independent Medical Trust, 2014.
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Abstract
- Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is the most attractive novel cytokine identified as an IL-1family member. IL-33 was first named NF-HEV (nuclear factor from high endothelial venules), as itwas known to interact with nuclear chromatin although its exact intracellular functions are still tobe clarified. IL-33 is now recognized as the specific ligand for the orphan IL-1 receptor familymember ST2 and to be involved in polarization of T cells towards T helper 2-cell phenotype and inactivation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells. It is essential for IL-33 to beextracellularly released in order to bind to the ST2 receptor and consequently play a crucial role ininflammatory, infectious and autoimmune diseases. However, like the IL-1 family members, IL-1beta and IL-18, IL-33 mRNA is translated without a signal sequence for secretion. Additionally, IL-33 cannot be released by the processing and secretion mechanism shared by IL-1beta and IL-18as IL-33 is not a substrate of caspase-1 and does not require proteolysis for activation. In contrast,IL-33 can be inactivated by apoptotic caspases. Accordingly, IL-33 is proposed to be released asan alarmin from necrotic cells but deleted during apoptosis. Besides the known autocrine,paracrine mechanisms of cellular interaction with cytokines, release by necrotic cells is anotherpathway for a cytokine to display its function, which we suggest might be called 'necrocrine'.
- Subjects :
- Interleukin 33
business.industry
Medicine
business
Nuclear function
Cell biology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20717733 and 10248919
- Volume :
- 21
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Professional Medical Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........707bd9391445751b213746019348c7ab