A novel multistage risk management applied to water-related disaster using diversity of measures: A theoretical approach

The concept of water security considers the availability of water in sufficient quantity and quality for human activities and ecosystem maintenance in a resilient, stable politic and peaceful climate. The cooperation and interaction between human activities and ecosystems has not been clearly understood, which undermines the resilience of society and the environment against water-related disasters. Thus, we presented a theoretical approach of multistage risk management combining Nature-based Solutions (NbS), multidimensional indices and raising awareness measures to increase water security. Our results show how this proposal can improve risk management, decreasing economic global losses from natural hazards and increasing willingness to adapt and preparedness better than in some real cases analyzed here. We concluded that the understanding of the relationship among water security elements can increase the resilience of cities and urban centers, through the implementation of new tools such as NbS, multidimensional indices and other novel non-structural measures.