Mineral characteristics, hydroxyapatite crystal, and mesostructure among heavy smoker teeth: a preliminary report

This study aimed to investigate the mineral characteristics, hydroxyapatite crystal, and mesostructure among heavy smoker teeth. Twenty five subjects were divided into two groups including non smoker group (15 subjects) and heavy smoker group (10 subjects). Teeth mineral element was measured using X-Ray Fluorescence. The hydroxyapatite crystal structure was analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction. Mesostructure was determined using Scanning Electron Microscope. The level of Ca, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, S, Si, Cr, Ti, Mn, Ni, In, Re, Ba, K, Mo, V, Sr, Co, Er, Yb, Zr, and Ca/P ratio were not significantly different in the smoker group compared with a non smoker group (P > 0.05). The lattice parameter of smoker was different compared with non smoker group. In addition, the crystal size of the smoker was higher compared with control. We also found that mesostructure of the smoker was different compared with non smoker. In conclusion, smoking activity affect the hydroxyapatite crystal and disrupt the remodeling surface of teeth. Key words: smoking; dental; structure; surface; remodeling