Management of Mineral and Bone Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

The pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), a common clinical syndrome in patients with CKD with consequences affecting mineral metabolism, bone mineralization and extracellular calcification, is complex. Diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD requires particular attention to the biochemical/hormonal factors affecting calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor-23 metabolism, as well as consideration of bone and vascular calcification. Nephrologists, patients and the public need future well-designed randomized trials to further guide the diagnosis and management of CKD-MBD.