Principle and Strategy of DNA Fingerprint Identification of Plant Variety

Plant variety identification has profound meanings to ensure seed quality and food safety. DNA fingerprinting has its advantage in plant variety identification, and has transformed from indirect evidence into a mainstream method. A method for DNA fingerprinting called core loci combination was summarized in this study, which utilized a set of fixed core loci combination to identify different varieties. Since 2003, the project has been constantly improved and expanded. The first was to form combination of expanded loci by increasing the quantity of core loci to cope with increasing demand of variety identification of derived varieties. The second was to further decompose the core loci into group specific loci which played the function of fast and accurate clustering and species-specific loci which had stronger variety identification function. The third was to further propose the core loci combination of polyploidy crops based on the mature experience of diploid crop, which are diploidized single marker method and combination marker method. From the trend of future development, the rapid development of new technologies such as sequencing technology and gene editing technology will largely promote the improvement of DNA fingerprinting and improve the application effect in practice. This article has systematically elaborated the concept and characteristics of variety identification, summarized major types and identification methods of DNA fingerprinting, extracted technical methods for variety DNA fingerprinting and finally out-looked the future trend of DNA fingerprinting development. It is hoped that the study could provide guidances for the development of DNA fingerprinting standard of each crops, and the application of molecular technology in the structure and variety identification of DNA fingerprinting database.