Notice of Retraction: Analysis of influential factors of macroscopic transport parameters based on microscopic and macroscopic PNP multi-ions transport model

Poisson-Nernst-Planck (hereinafter referred to as PNP) is applied to describe ion transport in clay microscale structure and obtain the macroscopic PNP multi-ions transport model in clay through volume averaging. Use numerical analysis to research microscale quantities such as ion background concentration and particle surface charge density as well as the influence of clay microscale structure on macroscopic transport parameters (effective diffusion coefficients, effective charge density, effective porosity, etc). The research of parameters demonstrates that macroscopic transport parameters depend on ionic types, microscale structure, ion background concentration and particle surface charge density. The microscopic and macroscopic PNP multi-ions transport model can take into account the influences of clay microscale structure, electrochemical properties of solid-liquid interface, ion interaction and the interaction of ions and electric field in clay. The research result helps to deeply understand the diffusion transport mechanism of ions in the clay.