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Monitoring crater-wall collapse at active volcanoes: a study of the 12 January 2013 event at Stromboli
- Source :
- Bulletin of Volcanology. 78
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Crater-wall collapses are fairly frequent at active volcanoes and they are normally studied through the analysis of their deposits. In this paper, we present an analysis of the 12 January 2013 crater-wall collapse occurring at Stromboli volcano, investigated by means of a monitoring network comprising visible and infrared webcams and a Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar. The network revealed the triggering mechanisms of the collapse, which are comparable to the events that heralded the previous effusive eruptions in 1985, 2002, 2007 and 2014. The collapse occurred during a period of inflation of the summit cone and was preceded by increasing explosive activity and the enlargement of the crater. Weakness of the crater wall, increasing magmastatic pressure within the upper conduit induced by ascending magma and mechanical erosion caused by vent opening at the base of the crater wall and by lava fingering, are considered responsible for triggering the collapse on 12 January 2013 at Stromboli. We suggest that the combination of these factors might be a general mechanism to generate crater-wall collapse at active volcanoes.
- Subjects :
- geography
geography.geographical_feature_category
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Lava
010502 geochemistry & geophysics
01 natural sciences
Effusive eruption
Impact crater
Volcano
Geochemistry and Petrology
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar
Magma
Erosion
medicine
medicine.symptom
Seismology
Collapse (medical)
Geology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14320819 and 02588900
- Volume :
- 78
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Bulletin of Volcanology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi...........8463331e54072c42e1a3aac2b83d8473
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-016-1033-4