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Monitoring crater-wall collapse at active volcanoes: a study of the 12 January 2013 event at Stromboli

Authors :
Federico Di Traglia
Alessandro Bonaccorso
Antonio Cristaldi
Nicola Casagli
Emanuele Intrieri
Sonia Calvari
Source :
Bulletin of Volcanology. 78
Publication Year :
2016
Publisher :
Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2016.

Abstract

Crater-wall collapses are fairly frequent at active volcanoes and they are normally studied through the analysis of their deposits. In this paper, we present an analysis of the 12 January 2013 crater-wall collapse occurring at Stromboli volcano, investigated by means of a monitoring network comprising visible and infrared webcams and a Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar. The network revealed the triggering mechanisms of the collapse, which are comparable to the events that heralded the previous effusive eruptions in 1985, 2002, 2007 and 2014. The collapse occurred during a period of inflation of the summit cone and was preceded by increasing explosive activity and the enlargement of the crater. Weakness of the crater wall, increasing magmastatic pressure within the upper conduit induced by ascending magma and mechanical erosion caused by vent opening at the base of the crater wall and by lava fingering, are considered responsible for triggering the collapse on 12 January 2013 at Stromboli. We suggest that the combination of these factors might be a general mechanism to generate crater-wall collapse at active volcanoes.

Details

ISSN :
14320819 and 02588900
Volume :
78
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Bulletin of Volcanology
Accession number :
edsair.doi...........8463331e54072c42e1a3aac2b83d8473
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-016-1033-4