Squalene integrated NLC based gel of tamoxifen citrate for efficient treatment of psoriasis: A preclinical investigation

Purpose We aimed to develop Squalene integrated NLC based carbopol 940 and HEC gel of tamoxifen citrate to increase lipid and moisture content of skin and to create a local drug depot in skin for improved efficacy against psoriasis. Methods: NLC was prepared by emulsification-cum-solidification method using high speed homogenizer, characterized and transformed to viscous gel having pH as similar as skin and smooth texture. Results and discussion: Developed gel showed the slow drug release, restricted permeation through the skin and higher retention of the drug in epidermal and dermal layer for long duration. It improved moisture (>45%) and lipid (>35%) content of the skin. It showed significant efficacy in reducing PASI scores, level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and restoring histological changes and splenomegaly towards normal. Conclusion: The results prove the clinical pertinence of this stable gel as it ensured longer stay (due to semisolid consistency) over the skin, increased skin moisture (hydrophilic gelling polymer) and lipid content (due to the presence of the natural skin lipid component) and improved drug retention in skin along with higher efficacy against psoriasis.